Exploring the Phytoconstituents, Differential Pharmacology, and Interaction with Empagliflozin of Olea europaea Leaves Extracts
1, 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 7, 8
- 1Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, JORDAN.
- 2Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Science, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt, JORDAN.
- 3Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Petra University, JORDAN.
- 4Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Madaba, Madaba, JORDAN.
- 5Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yarmouk University, Irbid, JORDAN.
- 6Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, JORDAN.
- 7Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zarqa University, Zarqa, JORDAN.
- 8Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mutah University, Al-Karak, JORDAN.
CORRESPONDENCE
Dr. Ali Mahmoud Al-Samydai
Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman-19328, JORDAN.
Received: 25-06-2023; Accepted: 24-04-2024.
Volume 58, Issue 3s (Supplement) · pp. s1008-s1017 · 2024 · DOI: 10.5530/ijper.58.3s.100
ABSTRACT
Background: The Olea europaea L. leaves have long been used in treating various illnesses. Its pharmacological activity based on the phytoactive constituents; therefore, optimizing the extraction process should intensify the benefits.Aim: The study aimed to optimize the extraction process for O. europaea L. leaves, evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and explore their influence on the biochemical parameters of diabetic animals.Materials and Methods: The differential pharmacology of the extracts and combinatorial therapy with the antidiabetic agent; empagliflozin, were explored. The aims were accomplished after several in vitro and animal studies: quantification of flavonoid and phenol content, measurement of the antioxidant activity, identification of the active constituents, and assessment of hepatic and renal functions, lipid profile, and glycemic status. In addition, molecular biology tools were used to measure the expression of the inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL1beta.Results: Findings reveal that the hydroalcoholic binary system reinforced by the sonication yields the highest polyphenol (44.40±1.414 mg/g dry extract equivalent to gallic acid) and total flavonoids (31.0700±1.202 mg/g dry extract equivalent to quercetin). Extract by the same system showed high substantial antioxidant activity. HPLC-MS/MS reveals oleuropein and its aglycon, o- and p-coumaric acid, hydroxytyrosol acetate, and betaine compounds. A significant reduction in the average weight was recorded in diabetic mice (29.79±2.88 g) compared to the control (32.61±2.57 g). A significant reduction in producing the inflammatory mediators IL-6 and IL1 beta was measured.Conclusion: Olive leaves are a potential addition to conventional medicines to enhance the health profile of diabetic mice.
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Saeed, Z. K., Al-Samydai, A. M., Alqaraleh, M., Qinna, N. A., Ghanim, B. Y., Mayyas, A., Al-Tawalbeh, D., Alsotari, S. T., Alshaer, W., Al-Mamoori, F., & Al-Halaseh, L. K. (2024). Exploring the Phytoconstituents, Differential Pharmacology, and Interaction with Empagliflozin of Olea europaea Leaves Extracts. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, 58(3s), s1008-s1017. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.58.3s.100
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